Enzymes are primarily composed of which macromolecule?

Enzymes are primarily composed of proteins, which are one of the four main classes of biological macromolecules. Proteins are made up of long chains of amino acids that fold into specific three-dimensional structures, allowing them to perform a wide range of functions, including catalyzing biochemical reactions as enzymes do. The specific arrangement of amino acids in a protein determines its shape and function, making proteins crucial for various biological processes, including metabolism.

In contrast, carbohydrates primarily serve as energy sources and structural components, fats (lipids) are mainly involved in energy storage and membrane formation, while nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) are responsible for the storage and transmission of genetic information. Therefore, while these other macromolecules play significant roles in biological systems, they do not function as enzymes. The unique properties of proteins, specifically their ability to catalyze reactions and their complex structure, highlight why they are the primary composition of enzymes.