What function does the liver perform?

The liver performs a variety of vital functions, one of which is the production of hormones such as insulin and glucagon. These hormones play a crucial role in regulating blood glucose levels. Insulin, produced by the beta cells of the pancreas (not the liver, which may lead to confusion), promotes the uptake of glucose into cells when blood sugar levels rise. Conversely, glucagon, produced by the alpha cells of the pancreas, stimulates the liver to release stored glucose when blood sugar levels drop. This interplay is essential for maintaining energy homeostasis in the body.

While the liver is indeed involved in processes related to glucose metabolism, such as storing excess glucose as glycogen, it does not actually produce insulin and glucagon itself. Instead, it responds to the hormones released by the pancreas. Detoxifying blood and metabolizing drugs and toxins are also critical functions, but they do not specifically relate to the production of hormones in the same direct manner that insulin and glucagon regulation involves. Therefore, understanding the distinct roles of organs and their functions helps clarify why the liver's production of insulin and glucagon is often a focal point in discussions about metabolic processes.