What is the effect of exercise on blood sugar levels?

Exercise has a well-documented impact on blood sugar levels, primarily contributing to a decrease in glucose levels in the bloodstream. When a person engages in physical activity, muscles require energy in the form of glucose. To meet this demand, the body initiates several processes to mobilize glucose from stored forms, like glycogen in the liver and muscles.

During exercise, insulin sensitivity increases, meaning that the body's cells are better able to use available glucose effectively. Consequently, as muscles take up glucose for energy, the overall blood sugar levels drop. This can be particularly beneficial for individuals managing diabetes, as regular physical activity can help regulate blood sugar levels over time.

In the context of the question, while other options suggest an increase, no change, or fluctuations in blood sugar levels as a result of exercise, those do not accurately reflect the physiological response to physical activity. The primary and most consistent effect of exercise is a decrease in blood sugar levels due to enhanced glucose uptake and improved insulin sensitivity.