Which nutrient is essential for growth and development and found in excess may lead to health issues?

Proteins are essential nutrients that play a critical role in growth and development. They are the building blocks of the body's tissues, including muscles, organs, and the immune system. Proteins are composed of amino acids, some of which are essential, meaning the body cannot synthesize them and they must be obtained from the diet. Adequate protein intake is especially important during periods of rapid growth, such as childhood, adolescence, and pregnancy, ensuring that the body has the necessary components to build and repair tissues.

However, while protein is crucial for health, excessive intake can lead to health issues. Overconsumption of protein can put a strain on the kidneys, especially in individuals with pre-existing kidney conditions, as the body has to work harder to eliminate the nitrogen found in amino acids. Additionally, a high-protein diet may lead to imbalances in nutrient intake, potentially displacing other important nutrients or contributing to increased levels of certain metabolites in the blood, which can result in metabolic issues.

In contrast, other nutrients listed, such as fiber, carbohydrates, and vitamins, also contribute to health but are not associated with the same level of risk when consumed in excess. For example, fiber is typically beneficial for digestive health and has minimal adverse effects even at